ヒトの進化と言語能力の発達 Human Evolution and the Development of Linguistic Capacity

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  • 私達の祖先はどのような経緯を経て「しゃべるヒト」になったのでしょうか。コトバを操るには、表現し、理解するための身体能力および高度な認知や思考能力が必要です。発掘された道具の分析は、コトバを操る能力の発達経緯の推測につながります。

  • How did our ancestors become Homō loquēns, ‘talking human’? The ability to manipulate language requires advanced cognitive and thinking skills, as well as the physical ability to express and understand. Analysis of excavated tools can lead to speculation about the development of the ability to manipulate language.

閉じる
閉じる
閉じる
現代人がつくる
道具や制作工程には、
どんな特徴があるかな?
What kind of characteristics
do you find in tools and their
making of modern human?

協力:近藤修(東京大学)、佐野勝宏野崎一徳野嶋洋子林美里
Contributed by Kondo Osamu (Tokyo University), Sano Katsuhiro, Nozaki Kazunori, Nojima Yoko, Hayashi Misato

標本提供:国立科学博物館
Artifacts are from the National Museum of Nature and Science Collection

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

猿人は、平らな鼻、強く突き出た顎をもち、類人猿的な顔つきをしていました。下顎骨から復元された舌の形は、現在のヒトとは少し違っています。

Australopithecines had a flat nose, strongly protruding jaw, and an ape-like face. The shape of the tongue reconstructed from a mandible is slightly different from modern humans.

ホモ・エレクトゥス
出土地:ジョージア ドマニシ
約160万年前
Homo erectus (Dmanisi Skull 3)
Site: Dmanisi, Kvemo Kartli, Georgia
About 1.6 million years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・ハイデルベルゲンシス
出土地:スペイン アタプエルカ
約35万年前
Homo heidelbergensis (Atapuerca 5)
Site: Atapuerca, Burgos, Spain
About 350,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ネアンデルタール人
出土地:イスラエル アムッド洞窟
約4万5千年前
Homo neanderthalensis (Amud 1)
Site: Amud, Upper Galilee, Israel
About 45,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
出土地:フランス クロマニョン洞窟
約3万年前
Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon 1)
Site: Cro-Magnon, Les-Eyzies, France
About 30,000 years old

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

ホモ・サピエンス
(現代人・女性)
Homo sapiens
(Modern human, woman)

“Reconstructed fossil vocal tracts and the production of speech” -Boë, J.-L. et al.
“New Perspectives on the Origins of Language” -Lefebvre, C. et al. -2013-John Benjamins Publishing Company.
https://benjamins.com/catalog/slcs.144

発音器官の発達:協力:野崎一徳吉永司 / Contributed by: Nozaki Kazunori, Yoshinaga Tsukasa

猿人は、樹上生活に適応した長い腕と湾曲した指をもっていました。骨盤と足の骨はヒトに似ており、直立二足歩行が可能でした。

Australopithecines had long arms and curved fingers well suited for a life in trees. The pelvis and foot bones were similar to modern humans, allowing for bipedalism.

体幹に対して、腕は短く脚は長い、という、現生人類と似た体つきになります。長距離の二足歩行が可能になり、上肢を移動に使用する必要がなくなりました。これにより、道具の製作や運搬、コミュニケーションなど、様々な目的に利用できるようになりました。

They had a similar body to modern humans where their arms were longer than the trunk while legs were longer than the trunk. Long-distance bipedal walking became possible, and arms were no longer needed for transportation. As such, arms became available for various purposes such as manufacturing and transportation of tools, and communication.

頑丈な手の骨格を持ち、手全体を使ってものをつかむことにより、道具作りをしたと考えられてきました。近年の手の筋肉に関する研究では、親指や人差し指の先端を使った精密把握によって精巧な石器作りをしていたことが解っています。

With sturdy bone structure for the hands, they were able to hold objects with their whole hands. This allowed the manufacturing of tools. In recent studies on hand muscles, it was shown that elaborate stone tools were created through precise grasps between the thumb and tip of the index finger.

先行する化石人類種よりきゃしゃな骨格になりました。

Their frame became less sturdy than previous fossil hominids.

現代人は、直立した上体と両腕・両手を、生物として必要な営みに使うだけでなく、顔の表情と合わせてコミュニケーションにも活用しています。

Modern humans not only use the arms and hands freed by bipedalism for necessary activities as living organisms but also for communication in combination with facial expressions.

猿人は、樹上生活に適応した長い腕と湾曲した指をもっていました。骨盤と足の骨はヒトに似ており、直立二足歩行が可能でした。

Australopithecines had long arms and curved fingers well suited for a life in trees. The pelvis and foot bones were similar to modern humans, allowing for bipedalism.

体幹に対して、腕は短く脚は長い、という、現生人類と似た体つきになります。長距離の二足歩行が可能になり、上肢を移動に使用する必要がなくなりました。これにより、道具の製作や運搬、コミュニケーションなど、様々な目的に利用できるようになりました。

They had a similar body to modern humans where their arms were longer than the trunk while legs were longer than the trunk. Long-distance bipedal walking became possible, and arms were no longer needed for transportation. As such, arms became available for various purposes such as manufacturing and transportation of tools, and communication.

頑丈な手の骨格を持ち、手全体を使ってものをつかむことにより、道具作りをしたと考えられてきました。近年の手の筋肉に関する研究では、親指や人差し指の先端を使った精密把握によって精巧な石器作りをしていたことが解っています。

With sturdy bone structure for the hands, they were able to hold objects with their whole hands. This allowed the manufacturing of tools. In recent studies on hand muscles, it was shown that elaborate stone tools were created through precise grasps between the thumb and tip of the index finger.

先行する化石人類種よりきゃしゃな骨格になりました。

Their frame became less sturdy than previous fossil hominids.

現代人は、直立した上体と両腕・両手を、生物として必要な営みに使うだけでなく、顔の表情と合わせてコミュニケーションにも活用しています。

Modern humans not only use the arms and hands freed by bipedalism for necessary activities as living organisms but also for communication in combination with facial expressions.

猿人は、樹上生活に適応した長い腕と湾曲した指をもっていました。骨盤と足の骨はヒトに似ており、直立二足歩行が可能でした。

Australopithecines had long arms and curved fingers well suited for a life in trees. The pelvis and foot bones were similar to modern humans, allowing for bipedalism.

体幹に対して、腕は短く脚は長い、という、現生人類と似た体つきになります。長距離の二足歩行が可能になり、上肢を移動に使用する必要がなくなりました。これにより、道具の製作や運搬、コミュニケーションなど、様々な目的に利用できるようになりました。

They had a similar body to modern humans where their arms were longer than the trunk while legs were longer than the trunk. Long-distance bipedal walking became possible, and arms were no longer needed for transportation. As such, arms became available for various purposes such as manufacturing and transportation of tools, and communication.

頑丈な手の骨格を持ち、手全体を使ってものをつかむことにより、道具作りをしたと考えられてきました。近年の手の筋肉に関する研究では、親指や人差し指の先端を使った精密把握によって精巧な石器作りをしていたことが解っています。

With sturdy bone structure for the hands, they were able to hold objects with their whole hands. This allowed the manufacturing of tools. In recent studies on hand muscles, it was shown that elaborate stone tools were created through precise grasps between the thumb and tip of the index finger.

先行する化石人類種よりきゃしゃな骨格になりました。

Their frame became less sturdy than previous fossil hominids.

現代人は、直立した上体と両腕・両手を、生物として必要な営みに使うだけでなく、顔の表情と合わせてコミュニケーションにも活用しています。

Modern humans not only use the arms and hands freed by bipedalism for necessary activities as living organisms but also for communication in combination with facial expressions.

猿人は、樹上生活に適応した長い腕と湾曲した指をもっていました。骨盤と足の骨はヒトに似ており、直立二足歩行が可能でした。

Australopithecines had long arms and curved fingers well suited for a life in trees. The pelvis and foot bones were similar to modern humans, allowing for bipedalism.

体幹に対して、腕は短く脚は長い、という、現生人類と似た体つきになります。長距離の二足歩行が可能になり、上肢を移動に使用する必要がなくなりました。これにより、道具の製作や運搬、コミュニケーションなど、様々な目的に利用できるようになりました。

They had a similar body to modern humans where their arms were longer than the trunk while legs were longer than the trunk. Long-distance bipedal walking became possible, and arms were no longer needed for transportation. As such, arms became available for various purposes such as manufacturing and transportation of tools, and communication.

頑丈な手の骨格を持ち、手全体を使ってものをつかむことにより、道具作りをしたと考えられてきました。近年の手の筋肉に関する研究では、親指や人差し指の先端を使った精密把握によって精巧な石器作りをしていたことが解っています。

With sturdy bone structure for the hands, they were able to hold objects with their whole hands. This allowed the manufacturing of tools. In recent studies on hand muscles, it was shown that elaborate stone tools were created through precise grasps between the thumb and tip of the index finger.

先行する化石人類種よりきゃしゃな骨格になりました。

Their frame became less sturdy than previous fossil hominids.

現代人は、直立した上体と両腕・両手を、生物として必要な営みに使うだけでなく、顔の表情と合わせてコミュニケーションにも活用しています。

Modern humans not only use the arms and hands freed by bipedalism for necessary activities as living organisms but also for communication in combination with facial expressions.

猿人は、樹上生活に適応した長い腕と湾曲した指をもっていました。骨盤と足の骨はヒトに似ており、直立二足歩行が可能でした。

Australopithecines had long arms and curved fingers well suited for a life in trees. The pelvis and foot bones were similar to modern humans, allowing for bipedalism.

体幹に対して、腕は短く脚は長い、という、現生人類と似た体つきになります。長距離の二足歩行が可能になり、上肢を移動に使用する必要がなくなりました。これにより、道具の製作や運搬、コミュニケーションなど、様々な目的に利用できるようになりました。

They had a similar body to modern humans where their arms were longer than the trunk while legs were longer than the trunk. Long-distance bipedal walking became possible, and arms were no longer needed for transportation. As such, arms became available for various purposes such as manufacturing and transportation of tools, and communication.

頑丈な手の骨格を持ち、手全体を使ってものをつかむことにより、道具作りをしたと考えられてきました。近年の手の筋肉に関する研究では、親指や人差し指の先端を使った精密把握によって精巧な石器作りをしていたことが解っています。

With sturdy bone structure for the hands, they were able to hold objects with their whole hands. This allowed the manufacturing of tools. In recent studies on hand muscles, it was shown that elaborate stone tools were created through precise grasps between the thumb and tip of the index finger.

先行する化石人類種よりきゃしゃな骨格になりました。

Their frame became less sturdy than previous fossil hominids.

現代人は、直立した上体と両腕・両手を、生物として必要な営みに使うだけでなく、顔の表情と合わせてコミュニケーションにも活用しています。

Modern humans not only use the arms and hands freed by bipedalism for necessary activities as living organisms but also for communication in combination with facial expressions.

制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
Lombard and Wadley 2016, Fig.19.3を参考に作成Stone tools used by Homo sapiens
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
Lombard and Wadley 2016, Fig.19.3を参考に作成Stone tools used by Homo sapiens
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
Lombard and Wadley 2016, Fig.19.3を参考に作成Stone tools used by Homo sapiens
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
Lombard and Wadley 2016, Fig.19.3を参考に作成Stone tools used by Homo sapiens
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro
これらの石器が木など他の素材の加工に使われます。
These stone tools are used for processing other materials such as wood.
制作:佐野勝宏 / Prepared by Sano Katsuhiro

道具からみた認知の発達:協力:佐野勝宏野嶋洋子 / Contributed by Sano Katsuhiro, Nojima Yoko